Intel Galileo Projects: Simple DIY Weather Station

I’ve played with the Intel Galileo a lot lately, so now it’s time to build some Intel Galileo projects!

In this project I built a very simple weather station that records the temperature and humidity and saves these to a memory card.

I’ll show you how to read temperature and humidity from a DHT11 sensor with the Intel Galileo. Then how to save these values to an SD-card.

If you’re new to the Intel Galileo, check out my guide on getting started with Intel Galileo projects.

What is a DHT11 Sensor?

The DHT11 is a cheap sensor for measuring temperature and humidity. It’s really easy to use with for example an Arduino. And since the Intel Galileo is in many ways similar to the Arduino, it’s also easy to use it for this project.

Here’s one place to buy the DHT11 sensor: Amazon.com.

Step 1: Get the Sensor Up and Running

I started out using Adafruit’s DHT library to get the sensor up and running. I tested it using a standard Arduino UNO, just to see if the sensor worked. And it did.

But when compiling for Intel Galileo, I got a few errors because of some AVR-specific calls. I fixed those errors, but still no luck…

Then I found this article that explains why the sensor does not work with the standard library on a Galileo. Basically it is because of the strict timing requirements of the one-wire interface that the sensor uses.

Since the Intel Galileo board runs an operating system, it can take more time to switch a pin from input to output than on a microcontroller.

The workaround is to add a diode to split the one pin into two pins. This way the Galileo don’t have to switch one pin between being input and output. Like this:

Note:

• If you are using a 3-pin sensor like me, ignore the resistor.
• Different modules have different pin placements. On mine, the data pin is on the middle pin. On others, it’s on the left.

Download the modified library here: DHT library for Intel Galileo (Code by adafruit, modified by Dino Tinitigan)

Learn how to add custom libraries to Arduino.

Step 2: Format SD-Card

To write to the SD-card, you need to use the SD-library:

#include <SD.h>

I had a 32GB SD card that I formatted to some Linux format, because that sounded like a reasonable thing to do (the board runs Linux). But the SD.begin() command failed.

So, I tried NTFS format.

But it still failed.

Then, after a lot of Googling, I stumbled upon the following article that says the SD card must be formatted in FAT or FAT32: http://www.hofrock.com/sd-card-issues/

I formatted my SD card in FAT32 format, and it worked.

This is the code I used to test writing to the SD card: https://communities.intel.com/servlet/JiveServlet/download/210392-73847/SD_readWrite.ino.zip

Step 3: Upload Intel Galileo Project Code

Now, all you need to do is to upload the code for logging temperature and humidity to the SD-card. The code I used is a cut and paste composition from different code sources, as shown below:

#include ;
#include "DHT.h"

// what pins we're connected to
#define DHTIN 2 
#define DHTOUT 3
// Define the sensor type (DHT 11)
#define DHTTYPE DHT11 

DHT dht(DHTIN,DHTOUT, DHTTYPE);

File myFile;

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.print("\nInitializing SD card...");

  if (!SD.begin()) {
    Serial.println("initialization failed!");
    return;
  }

  Serial.println("initialization done.");

  // if the directory does not exist, create it:
  if (!SD.exists("/sensor-data")) {
    Serial.print("Creating directory '/sensor-data'\n");
    SD.mkdir("/sensor-data");
  }

  myFile = SD.open("/sensor-data/temperature.txt", FILE_WRITE);

  // if the file opened okay, write to it:
  if (myFile) {
    Serial.print("File '/sensor-data/temperature.txt' ready for writing...");
    myFile.println("Temperatures:");
    //close the file:
    myFile.close();
  } 
  else {
    // if the file didn't open, print an error:
    Serial.println("error opening file\n");
  }

  //Initialize the sensor
  dht.begin();
}

void loop() {
  // Wait a few seconds between measurements.
  delay(2000);
  
  // Reading temperature or humidity takes about 250 milliseconds!
  // Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds 'old' (its a very slow sensor)

  float h = dht.readHumidity();

  // Read temperature as Celsius
  float t = dht.readTemperature();

  // Check if any reads failed and exit early (to try again).
  if (isnan(h) || isnan(t)) {
    Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
    return;
  }

  Serial.print("Humidity: ");
  Serial.print(h);
  Serial.print(" %\t");
  Serial.print("Temperature: ");
  Serial.print(t);
  Serial.println(" *C ");

  myFile = SD.open("/sensor-data/temperature.txt", FILE_WRITE);

  // if the file opened okay, write to it:
  if (myFile) {
    Serial.print("Logging temperature to file '/sensor-data/temperature.txt'...");
    myFile.print("Humidity: ");
    myFile.print(h);
    myFile.print(" %\t");
    myFile.print("Temperature: ");
    myFile.print(t);
    myFile.println(" *C ");

    //close the file:
    myFile.close();

  } else {
    // if the file didn't open, print an error:
    Serial.println("error opening /test.txt\n");
  }
}

More Intel Galileo Projects

This is one of many Intel Galileo projects I’ve done lately. And I aim to post more tutorials in the following days and weeks.

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