Here are some simple PCB design guidelines that can help you create better board layouts.
Board size and trace width
There are always limits to how big your board can be, how thin your traces can be and the smallest drill size you can use.
Start out by checking the capabilities of your PCB manufacturer. They usually put this information out on their web page. Sometimes they supply a Design Rule Check file that can be loaded right into your PCB design software.
First resize your board so that it does not exceed the capabilities of the manufacturer you have chosen.
Next, choose a trace width. It must be at least the size of the smallest allowed trace width, but should generally be thicker because thin traces are more vulnerable to damage when soldering.
The more current that is going to flow through the trace, the thicker it should be. This is to make sure the trace does not heat up. If you have a lot of space on your circuit board, start with 20 mil trace width for signals and 30-40 mil for power traces.
Placement of components
Place your components in a similar way as in your schematics. This makes it easier to troubleshoot your circuit if needed later on.
Pay attention to connectors and large components. Connectors should be placed on the side for simple connection. If you are going to place the finished PCB in a box, keep in mind any large components and how they will fit in the box when you are going to assemble your electronic project.If your electronic circuit consists of any de-coupling capacitors, make sure you place them close to the pins they are meant for.
Use labels
Your components should all have labels with name and part value printed on the board. This makes it easier to solder the circuit board and to troubleshoot it later on.
A useful rule-of-thumb is always to label connectors that are to be connected to the outside with descriptive names. Add names for each pin on a pin header.
PCB design guidelines for horizontal and vertical routing
If you are using a two-layer circuit board, one of the best PCB design guidelines to follow is to route one layer horizontally and the other vertically. Eagle’s autorouter follows this guideline.
For more complex boards, the addition of a ground plane can simplify your routing effort.
Trace angles
If you are making an RF circuit board, you should avoid 90 degree angles on your PCB traces. Otherwise, weird effects might occur.
Also, 45 degree angles looks more professional, so you should just get into the habit of making 45 degree angles from the start.
Visual check
When you have completed your board, you should always print your board on paper and check it for any problems with connectors and such. Many times I have done the mistake of putting a pin header the wrong way or something else that could have been avoided if I had just taken the time to print my circuit on paper and check for those things.
Paras says
Just thank u For this.Really i am saying this from the bottom of my heart.
admin says
Glad I can help =)
Oyvind
yogesh m n says
it was really good to study will about pcb design
Roberto Weiser says
Hello Oyvind,
Do you have a practical example of the PCB design guidelines for horizontal and vertical routing? Had never heard this guideline so will like to learn more about it.
Thanks
admin says
Hey Roberto,
This is just because if you route one signal on the top layer and one on the bottom layer from top to bottom in the middle of your board – you have no way of going from the left to right (or vice versa) with any other signals. By routing one direction with one layer, and the other direction with the other layer – you make sure you don’t block the way for more signals to be routed.
Best,
Oyvind